Factors and Multiples: Prime Numbers and Prime Factors, Index Forms and Common Factors, HCF and LCM


English Lesson Notes for Junior Secondary

Factors and Multiples: Prime Numbers and Prime Factors, Index Forms and Common Factors, HCF and LCM

In this tutorial, we shall look at a few things:

I. Prime numbers and prime factors.

II. Index forms and common factors.

III. Highest common factors (HCF).


IV. Lowest common multiples (LCM).
Factors and Multiples: Prime Numbers and Prime Factors, Index Forms and Common Factors, HCF and LCM


Objectives
I. To be able to define and identify prime numbers.

II. To have a better understanding of what factors are – and also find the factors of a given whole number.

III. To be able to express a number as a product of its factors in index form, and also find the highest common factor (HCF) of two or more numbers.

IV. To know what a multiple is; to write down multiples of a given number, and find the lowest common multiple of two or more whole numbers.

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Keywords
I. Factor – A number that divides into another number without a remainder.

II. Prime numbers – These are numbers that have only two factors: 1 and itself.

III. Prime Factors – These are simply factors that are prime.

IV. Highest Common Factor (HCF) – The biggest number that will divide two or more numbers.

V. Multiple – The result of multiplying factors together.

VI. Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) –The smallest number that two or more numbers will divide; it is the smallest of the common multiples of a given set of numbers.

VII. Divisible – Able to be divided without a remainder.

VIII. Index – Index means power.