Some teachers of English as a Second
Language (henceforth ESL) are yet to realise that learning a language like
English poses a lot problems among second learners, even among native speakers. Consequently, they always expect their students to
speak flawlessly and will never hesitate to correct them if they do otherwise.
On the contrary, there are ESL teachers who rarely or never correct their students' mistakes for reasons best known to them. Which category do you fall into? Or which approach do you adopt?
On the contrary, there are ESL teachers who rarely or never correct their students' mistakes for reasons best known to them. Which category do you fall into? Or which approach do you adopt?
Well, in my point of view,
both approaches have serious weaknesses hence shouldn't be adopted by ESL
teachers. The attitude of the first category of teachers will make the students
nervous; thus they won't be able to communicate effectively and fluently.
Students may even lose motivation and shy away from using the language. The
attitude of the second category of teachers will produce students who are very
outspoken and fluent in ungrammatical sentences.
Therefore, ESL teachers
should adopt a middle or balanced approach – an approach that neither gives
room to incessant nor zero correction of students' mistakes. This approach will
help both the teacher and the students.
The Pivotal Points of the Middle Approach
1. In this approach, the
students are allowed to speak freely while the teacher takes note of the
mistakes made by the students.
2. The teacher groups
these mistakes in topics, makes a note of each topic and plans an activity for
a later lesson. In course of the lesson, the students take note of their
mistakes and learn to avoid them when speaking or writing.
3. The teacher corrects
the students only when it is necessary. The question is, "When is it
necessary to correct students' mistakes?"
When Should an English Teacher Correct Students' Mistakes?
1. English teachers
should correct students when they lack the right word or phrase to use. When
students get stuck in their speech due to their inability to get the
appropriate word or phrase, the teacher can help them out by mentioning the
word or phrase. This will not only enhance communication but will also motivate
the students.
2. English teachers
should correct students if their speech will lead to misunderstanding. If a
student is explaining a past event using present verb forms, he/she should be
corrected in order not to confuse the listener(s).
How to Correct ESL Students When They Make Mistakes
In order to make your
students not to repeat a corrected mistake, you have to take these points into
consideration when correcting their mistakes:
1. You should explain to
the students why it is a mistake. Pointing out a student's mistake(s) to him/her
without explaining why it is wrong is like giving that student a test on
what you didn't teach him/her. Unfortunately, this is the attitude of most ESL
teachers. Students are more motivated to understand correct English when they
understand why the wrong English is wrong.
2. Never hesitate to show
the students a better way of saying it after telling them why it is wrong. You
can as well give more examples that are similar to the mistake(s) corrected, stating their forms and usage.
In sum, making mistakes,
errors and corrections are part of the learning process of a language. However,
the way one corrects the mistakes or errors made by a language learner greatly
determines the learner's attitude towards that language. Therefore, ESL
teachers should always adopt an approach that will instill in the minds of
their students a positive attitude towards the language. If I must suggest, the
middle or balanced approach is much more appropriate for teaching a language
like English.